Types of Steels | Steel Properties | Grades

Types of Steels

Well! you probably heard about steel but you know that Steel also have its types which makes it uses in different applications?

No!

Ok! So I am here to facilitate you so that for your further need you may know that what kind of steel exactly you required to cater your need.

So Let’s Start!

Steel is a versatile and widely used material with various types, each designed for specific applications based on their properties. Here are some common types based on its components and properties of Steel:

1.       Carbon Steels:

If we talk about carbon steel, it is based on the quantity of carbon and iron mainly and rest all components have very less percentage in this mixture. Based on this, we have three different types.

·         Low Carbon:

Contains a low percentage of carbon (typically up to 0.3%). It is ductile and malleable and often used where low-strength of steel required. 

·         Medium Carbon:

 Contains a moderate amount of carbon (0.3% to 0.6%). It offers a balance of strength and ductility and is commonly used for structural components.

 ·         High Carbon: 

Contains a higher percentage of carbon (0.6% to 1.5%). It is harder and stronger but less ductile. High carbon steel is often used for cutting tools and high-strength wires.

 

2.       Alloy Steels:



  •      Stainless:

 It contains chromium (at least 10.5%) to provide corrosion resistance. There are various types, such as austenitic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steels, each with specific properties.

  •  Tool:

 Designed for making tools. It often contains tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium for improved hardness and heat resistance.

  •   High-Speed:  

       Contains high levels of tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium for use in cutting tools at high speeds.

    Tool and Die Steels:



 ·         Hot Work:  

      Resistant to heat and used in high-temperature applications such as die casting and extrusion.

         ·         Cold Work:

       Designed to work at lower temperatures and used for cutting and forming operations at or near room temperature.



         ·         Shock-Resisting:

        used in applications where the material must withstand sudden impacts.

  Structural Steels:

  •  Mild or Low Carbon: 

Commonly used for structural purposes in buildings and bridges.

  •     High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA):

      Provides higher strength than standard carbon steel without sacrificing formability.  

1.       Heat-Resistant Steels:

 Heat-Resistant Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steels:

  •        Designed to withstand high temperatures and oxidation

       Maraging Steels:

 ·         Ultra-high-strength steels with a unique combination of strength and toughness, achieved through a process of aging.

  Weathering Steels:



 ·         Designed to develop a protective rust layer when exposed to the atmosphere, reducing the need for painting. Commonly used in outdoor structures.

    Electrical Steels:



  •  Silicon: 

Used in the production of electrical transformers due to their magnetic properties.

  • Stainless Electrical:

Combine the corrosion resistance of stainless steel with the magnetic properties needed in certain electrical applications.

     Spring Steels:



 ·         Designed for the production of springs and elastic elements, with high yield strength and good elasticity.

These all are not enough yet we have many other specialized grades and variations within each category to suit specific applications and performance requirements. These are some common factors to consider for the Application of steel:

  • strength
  • ductility
  • corrosion resistance
  • heat resistance
  • intended use

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